Climate change and what it means for health and life insurance
The Geneva Association and Wellcome have released ‘Climate Change: What does the future hold for health and life insurance?’ report. The report digs into the impact of climate on health and life insurance products and how availability, structure and pricing might be affected in future.
Estimates for those that live in climate-vulnerable locations across the world are approximately 3.3 – 3.6 billion people. Estimates for death directly attributable to climate change vary widely, from 250,000 to 3.4 million deaths annually.
While the short-term consequences for life and health insurers have so far been modest, the increasing frequency and severity of climate events may escalate the impact on insurers. Adverse health outcomes from climate change range from immediate to long-term and cover everything from injuries and fatalities resulting from extreme weather events to heat-related illnesses to disruption of ecosystems reducing crop yields and spreading vector-borne diseases to new regions. In addition, social unrest, displacement and economic hardship can all lead to negative health outcomes.
The report classifies climate-related risks into four categories:
Acute: risks that stem from the impacts of extreme heat, wildfires, floods and severe storms on mortality and morbidity.
Chronic: risks that emerge from prolonged exposure to adverse climate and environmental patterns.
Transitional: risks arising from transition to new technologies or climate transition policies.
Litigious: health-related legal challenges arising from the negative externalities of climate change.
The report calls out the lack of data that can be used to map climate events and patterns against incidences of mortality or morbidity and calls for insurers to resolve the actuarial gaps in understanding.
Those interviewed across 17 global health and life insurance companies agreed that prevention is key to preserving insurability – through things like underwriting that incentivises greener lifestyles and coordination on early warning systems.
“Most respondents do not perceive climate change as exerting any immediate impact on the liabilities associated with H&L insurance, nor do they anticipate short-term consequences for insurability and affordability. Nevertheless, there is consensus that this could change over the long term, although the level of impact may be tempered by multiple factors.”
The report has three key recommendations for insurers: assemble data prospectively to better understand areas of vulnerabilities; invest in innovation; play a bigger role in the policy environment and help strengthen public understanding.
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